Surveying and mapping refers to the measurement, collection and mapping of the shape, size, spatial location and attributes of natural geographical elements or surface artificial facilities.

Surveying and mapping is the theoretical and technical discipline of measuring and calculating the geometric position of ground points, the shape of the earth and the gravity field of the earth, and measuring the geometric distribution of the natural shape and artificial facilities on the earth's surface, and combining with the geographical distribution of some social information and natural information, preparing maps and thematic maps of various scales in global and local areas. It is also called surveying. It includes survey and mapping.